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The smoking and vaping model, A user-friendly model for examining the country-specific impact of nicotine VAPING product use
Application to Germany
Sánchez-Romero, L. M., Liber, A. C., Li, Y., Yuan, Z., Tam, J., Travis, N., Jeon, J., Issabakhsh, M., Meza, R., & Levy, D. T. (2023). The smoking and vaping model, A user-friendly model for examining the country-specific impact of nicotine VAPING product use: Application to Germany. BMC Public Health, 23(1), 2299. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-17152-y
BACKGROUND: Simulation models play an increasingly important role in tobacco control. Models examining the impact of nicotine vaping products (NVPs) and smoking tend to be highly specialized and inaccessible. We present the Smoking and Vaping Model (SAVM),a user-friendly cohort-based simulation model, adaptable to any country, that projects the public health impact of smokers switching to NVPs.
METHODS: SAVM compares two scenarios. The No-NVP scenario projects smoking rates in the absence of NVPs using population projections, deaths rates, life expectancy, and smoking prevalence. The NVP scenario models vaping prevalence and its impact on smoking once NVPs became popular. NVP use impact is estimated as the difference in smoking- and vaping-attributable deaths (SVADs) and life-years lost (LYLs) between the No-NVP and NVP scenarios. We illustrate SAVM's adaptation to the German adult ages 18+ population, the Germany-SAVM by adjusting the model using population, mortality, smoking and NVP use data.
RESULTS: Assuming that the excess NVP mortality risk is 5% that of smoking, Germany-SAVM projected 4.7 million LYLs and almost 300,000 SVADs averted associated with NVP use from 2012 to 2060. Increasing the excess NVP mortality risk to 40% with other rates constant resulted in averted 2.8 million LYLs and 200,000 SVADs during the same period.
CONCLUSIONS: SAVM enables non-modelers, policymakers, and other stakeholders to analyze the potential population health effects of NVP use and public health interventions.